Typical UTI symptoms can include pain or burning with urination, urinary frequency, and abdominal discomfort, but people with more advanced dementia may have difficulty recognizing or communicating these symptoms. Caregivers may instead notice signs such as grimacing during urination, repeatedly reaching toward the genital area, a new change in continence, fever or other apparent urinary discomfort. A sudden change in cognition or behavior should also prompt medical evaluation, although confusion alone does not prove that a UTI is present.